Toughness through phase transformation
Zirconia occupies a unique position among advanced ceramics — a material whose high fracture toughness stems from a phase-transformation mechanism. When a crack forms in the ceramic, the tetragonal phase transforms into the monoclinic phase, accompanied by a volume expansion that arrests crack growth.
Grades and types
Zirconia is divided into several grades, each suited to a different application:
- Y-TZP (yttria-stabilized tetragonal polycrystal) — highest toughness, suitable for cutting parts and biomedical use
- Mg-PSZ (partially stabilized with magnesium) — higher thermal resistance, suitable for high-temperature applications
- Composite zirconia — a balance between toughness and strength
Applications
Zirconia ceramics are used in a wide range of applications thanks to their unique combination of toughness, hardness, and biocompatibility:
- Industrial cutting tools and ceramic cutters
- Dental implants and prosthetics
- Wear-resistant surfaces
- High-temperature thermal and electrical insulators
- Valves and valve seats in the chemical industry
Produced to a specified grade
Zirconia parts are manufactured to the customer’s required grade, shape, and tolerance. Contact us for technical consultation and a quote.
Specifications
| Material | Stabilized ZrO2 (Y-TZP) |
|---|---|
| Yttria content | 3 mol% |
| Sintered density | > 6.0 g/cm³ |
| Flexural strength | 900 to 1200 MPa |
| Hardness | ≈ 1200 HV |
| Fracture toughness | 6–10 MPa·m½ |
| Application | Cutting, wear, biomedical, insulation |
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